当你有关节炎时，你知道你摄入的东西对你的健康和幸福有巨大的影响。也许你在杂货店里看到过标有“非转基因”的食物，或者听到过关于转基因生物的争论，你可能会想是否应该避免食用它们。反对者表示，转基因食品可能有害，2016年通过了一项法律，要求在转基因食品上贴标签。一些制造商自愿给他们的产品贴上标签。但专家表示，对安全的担忧被夸大了。
美国营养与饮食学会(Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics)发言人、注册营养师金·拉尔森(Kim Larson)说:“人们对食品中转基因成分存在很多困惑和恐惧。”我们来澄清一下。
What are GMOs?
GMOs are genetically modified plants or animals whose DNA is altered through bioengineering. For example, a gene from one plant might be inserted into another to make crops resistant to insects or increase nutritional values.
Are they dangerous?
2016年，美国国家科学院发布了一份综合报告，总结出转基因作物对人类和牲畜是安全的。拉森说，过去30年的许多研究已经证明了它们的安全性，并补充说，它们“在提高全球粮食产量方面发挥着宝贵的作用”。”
What about food allergies?
Although some people might have allergies or sensitivities to certain foods, there’s no reason to believe GMO foods carry more risk than their non-GMO counterparts, Larson says.
Do they have more chemicals?
Some GMO crops are associated with an increased use of herbicides, which can have a damaging environmental impact. The Environmental Protection Agency regulates crops to ensure any chemical residues on foods are well within safe limits for consumers.
If research shows GMOs are harmless, why are so many people fighting to label them?
Critics say that long-term effects are uncertain, because GMOs have been on the market only a few decades; in theory, problems may not surface for several generations. Some environmental scientists have concerns that genes may move from GMO crops to wild plants in unpredictable ways. And many people say they simply have a right to know what they’re eating.
What if I still want to avoid GMOs?
Congress passed a law in 2016 that requires food companies to report whether their products contain GMO ingredients. The Department of Agriculture (USDA) was given until July 2018 to define GMOs and create labeling requirements. The deadline for compliance is unclear. Controversially, foods containing GMOs may be labeled with only a phone number, website address or QR code allowing consumers to get more information.
You can simply shop for organic products, which contain no bioengineered ingredients.
Author: KIRSTEN WEIR
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